In 2017, worldwide crude steel production was up by 5.3 % year on year, reaching a total of 1691 million tonnes. 1 Much of this steel was produced using primary processes like electric arc furnaces ...

The expansion of railroads and manufacturing during the late-19th century sparked strong demand for materials such as iron. However, early processes for refining crude iron ore were labor- and ...

A traditional blacksmithing process refining raw iron bloom into workable steel. Focus on heating, hammering, and removing impurities to create usable metal. White House correspondents’ dinner called ...